دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اجبار جنسی زنانه بررسی شده ا از منظر جرم شناسی توسعه ای - الزویر 2018

Summary

Based on the developmental criminology perspective, this study examines the association between the history of behaviour problems in childhood and adolescence and the use of sexually coercive behaviours by women. Sexual coercion refers to the use of strategies, which can be sometimes subtle, to have sexual contact without the consent of a partner (i.e., seduction, manipulation, intoxication and physical force). In addition, this study examines the association between the use of sexual coercion and physical aggression (e.g., hitting a partner with an object, pushing or shoving) and psychological aggression (e.g., yelling at a partner, keeping him from seeing friends) toward their actual partner (or their last partner) during a disagreement to document different coercive behaviours used by women. The data were collected from a sample of female heterosexual university students (n = 274; mean age, 22.9 years). The participants completed the Multidimensional Inventory of Development, Sex and Aggression (MIDSA; Knight, 2007). The findings suggest that women who had behaviour problems in childhood and adolescence tend to use sexual coercion to a greater extent than women without a history of behaviour problems. Moreover, the findings suggest that women who use sexual coercion are also prone to resort to psychological aggression toward a partner during a disagreement. These findings highlight the importance of taking into account the history of behaviour problems across the life-course in the development of theoretical models of female sexual coercion.

Clinical implications

A number of implications for clinical practice should be noted. First, our findings highlight the importance of identifying at-risk girls as well as girls with behaviour problems in childhood. They also emphasize the importance of intervening early in their development. A number of these girls are at risk for life-course persistent antisocial behaviour. They could be at risk for using aggressive and coercive behaviours toward a romantic or an intimate partner, including sexual coercion. These targeted interventions should not be designed to label or stigmatize individuals; they should be implemented with the aim to provide support to girls and help them develop various skills (e.g., social skills, problemsolving skills). Moreover, because partner violence often begins during adolescence (Foshee, 1996), programs targeting youth (girls and boys, at risk or not) aimed at raising awareness of violence between partners (including sexual coercion) should be fostered. In addition, intervention strategies targeting aggressive and coercive behaviours that are more likely to be observed in girls and women (e.g., psychological aggression and sexually coercive strategies focusing on seduction and manipulation) could be particularly effective. Sexuality education programs aimed at preventing sexual violence and risky sexual behaviour could be especially promising. To that effect, the Ministère de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement supérieur du Québec (MEES) (Ministry of Education and Higher Education of Quebec) implemented a sexuality education pilot project in several schools across the province of Quebec in 2015. The program involves students across grade levels, from kindergarten to the end of secondary school (MEES, 2017). A rigorous assessment of such programs is necessary to verify their effectiveness.