ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
In the course of their service period, concrete structures are exposed to a variety of impacts. A combination of exposure to aggressive effects, poorly constructed structural details, negligence of the durability issues, construction errors and underestimation of the importance of maintenance can lead to a severe damage of reinforced concrete which is used for construction of these structures. The reinforced concrete damage issues can be divided into the concrete damage and reinforcement damage. The paper provides some of the aggressive effects which can have impact on the reinforced concrete foundations, and which can be caused by soil, ground water or weather.