دانلود رایگان مقاله طراحی تغییرات مورد نیاز در شبکه اتوبوس پس از انجام منطقه ترافیک محدود

Abstract

After performing Limited Traffic Zone (LTZ), an approach to limit the number of vehicles entering a zone or street in Mashhad, Iran, a change in the share of public transportation happens. In some routes, the share of public transportation decreases during peak hour because some users shift the time of their trips to other hours. Alternatively, the use of private cars on most routes shifts toward public transportation and as a result, these routes experience more demand. Supposing that the current system is based on current demand, after performing an LTZ, transit systems need to be modified based on new demand. This modification can be done in regards to route configuration, frequency and timetables. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to modify the bus transit system to determine required changes in the system. This method is easy to implement in large cities, especially cities that have seasonal demand changes and need to adjust their system with minimum changes in route configuration. The objective function of this method is based on covering the increased demand in the system. The methodology includes a GIS-based heuristic approach and is performed in Mashhad, Iran.

5. Summary and conclusion

Results of assignment in VISUM and analysis in GIS show many corridors experience a much higher bus transit demand after performing the two LTZs in Mashhad. In this paper, the authors proposed a method to modify required changes in bus networks after performing the LTZs. The implemented methodology includes a GIS-based heuristic approach that can use empty seats of present buses in lines that have an additional demand at their beginning and mostly modifies the lines either by increasing the frequencies or introducing short turns. However, when a corridor has a significant high demand, a new line is designed for only this section to avoid producing significant empty seat-km in the network. The result of this study shows that in order to have a successful LTZ, the city of Mashhad needs to invest and expand the bus network fleet considerably. A total of 575 buses are required, which means that the current bus network fleet should be increased by 19 percent.