ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
abstract
Previous studies on the stock market consider the degree of market efficiency to be an inverse of the predictive power of order flow. Following this notion, I propose simple market efficiency measures in foreign exchange (FX) markets. The first measure considers the market to be inefficient when positive (negative) order flows predict the appreciation (depreciation) of a base currency. The second measure considers whether predictions using order flow result in tangible gains. These measures are related to liquidity levels and information factors in FX markets, unlike the measures in previous studies.
5. Conclusion
During the recent decade, the popularization of electronic trading in an FX market enables researchers to access tick-by-tick transaction data and assist in developing a microstructure approach to an FX market. This approach emphasizes the crucial role of order flows during the price discovery process of an FX market. Order flow is a conduit through which relevant information is transmitted to an FX rate. Thus, order flow contains information and is a predictor of future FX rates. Given the predictability of order flows, I measure the efficiency in an FX market.