دانلود رایگان مقاله نقش هواپیمای باری اختصاصی در ارائه خدمات باربری هوایی جهانی

abstract

In 2014, over 51 million tonnes of cargo, valued at over US$6.8 trillion, was flown around the world. Approximately 56% of this total (by global revenue tonne kilometres (RTKs)) was flown on dedicated freighter aircraft which were either manufactured specifically for this purpose or converted from passenger use. The remaining 44% (by total global RTK) travelled as belly-freight in the holds of passenger flights or on combi (combination) or QC (quick change) aircraft that can accommodate both passengers and freight. Although both sources of capacity offer the same basic service e the aerial carriage of time sensitive and/or high value-to-weight goods e they exhibit different cost structures, operating characteristics and spatial patterns of demand and supply. Using empirical data on the contemporary scale and scope of global freighter operations, this paper examines the role of dedicated freighter aircraft in the provision of global airfreight services and identifies a range of exogenous and internal factors which may affect the demand and supply side characteristics of all-cargo air services in the future.

5. Conclusion

This paper has explored the role of dedicated freighter aircraft in the provision of global airfreight services. It has shown that airfreight is provided by two distinct sources of capacity and revealed that, at the time of writing, a fleet of over 1,600 freighter aircraft transport 56% of the world’s total air cargo by RTK. Moreover, empirical evidence of recent airline behaviour has shown that many passenger-cargo airlines are redeploying, reducing or entirely eliminating their fleet to concentrate on belly hold freight that can be carried at marginal cost. The review of the literature revealed that the challenges to dedicated freighter operations include the lack of bi-directional demand (the back haul problem), the introduction of new passenger aircraft that have larger belly hold capacities, the imposition of new security directives, and a slowdown in consumer demand for airfreighted goods. In addition, the dedicated freighter market is affected by the factors that influence demand for all types of airfreight, namely global economic vitality, oi price volatility, security concerns, trade protection measures and the introduction of new environmental safeguards.