ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
It is estimated that in excess of 20,000 proteincoding genes are responsible for the presence of more than 1 million proteins found in biological matrices.1 The measurement of these proteins, commonly in plasma, serum, urine, saliva, and tissue samples,2 has provided critical advancements in medical science through the development of diagnostic and prognostic assays for patients presenting with, or at risk of, a multitude of diseases.3 The use of protein measurements has been particularly beneficial for the assessment of cardiovascular disease, with the notable inclusion of natriuretic peptides and troponin isoforms in clinical decision making for heart failure (HF)4 and acute coronary syndromes (ACS),5 respectively. Clinical measurements of endogenous biological substances, such as proteins, lipids, and metabolites, are commonly referred to as biomarkers and provide pathophysiologic information through an associative or direct mechanistic interaction with the diseased system, organ, or tissue.6 The relationships of protein biomarkers with disease allow physicians to assess the presence, severity, and/ or prognosis of a condition with improved precision and accuracy.