ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
Many fires in buildings have shown that the behavior of occupants is important for the survival of a building fire [Kobes, 2008]. Therefore it is reasonable to characterize the fire risk of buildings based on human behavior in fires. The concept of fire risk can be defined as the probability of a fire causing a loss of life (or injury) and/or damage to property [Tillander, 2004]. Human behavior is defined as actions that people take, based on the perception of the situation, the intentions for actions and the considerations before the actions are carried out. Occupants are in the first stage of a fire primarily thrown on their own resources or on those of surrounding people. The behavior of people in the first stage of a fire is the most determining factor for survival. An additional significant factor is the availability of fire safety measures, for example fire extinguishers and accessible escape routes. The assistance of professional emergency services, such as rescue operations conducted by firefighters and emergency treatment by paramedics, can only be provided just after the first, and most important, period of a fire. Therefore, the possibility of surviving a fire is determined on the fire response performance of people.