دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی فیس بوک، انگیزه ارتباط و تمرین در دانشجویان - الزویر 2019

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the relationship between Facebook(FB) use, relatedness and exercise motivation. Design: Two studies comprised a mixed-methods concurrent design. Study 1 was a cross-sectional quantitative assessment of the relationships between FB use, relatedness and exercise motivation. Study 2 explored qualitative perceptions of how FB influences exercise motivation. Method: Study 1: 311 undergraduate students completed a survey assessing FB use, exercise motivation and relatedness. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine relationships. Study 2: 19 participants took part in focus groups exploring experiences of exercise-related FB use and its perceived role in motivation. Results: Study 1: FB use was related to external and introjected regulation. Relatedness mediated the relationships between FB use, introjection, and autonomous forms of motivation. Study 2: Qualitative data suggested FB can either promote (through connection, positive social comparison) or discourage exercise (through disconnection, negative social comparison, health-negating features). Conclusion: FB use was related to external and introjected regulation. Positive relationships between FB and autonomous forms of motivation were mediated by relatedness, suggesting that interventions should focus on fostering feelings of connection with others. FB use that encourages relatedness with likeminded individuals has potential to promote autonomous motivation for exercise.

General Discussion

The first aim of this research was to determine the relationship between FB use, relatedness and exercise motivation. It was hypothesized that greater FB use would be associated with higher levels of relatedness and in turn greater autonomous and introjected regulation. In support of this hypothesis, we found that the relationships between all five types of FB use and autonomous motivations, introjected regulation and amotivation were mediated by relatedness. More specifically, through feelings of relatedness, FB use was associated with greater autonomous forms of motivation, including identified, integrated and intrinsic motivation, greater introjected regulation and less amotivation. Additionally, the intensity of FB use, which reflects the duration, frequency and emotional connectedness to FB, had associations with external and introjected regulation. The second aim of this investigation was to qualitatively explore student experiences of FB use, feelings of relatedness and exercise and physical activity behaviour. Key findings indicated that PA-related FB experiences have both positive and negative influences on motivation dependent on whether FB use leads to connection or disconnection, and how individuals interpret posts from others with reference to their self.