دانلود رایگان مقاله اثر ضایعات پوسته برنج و خاکستر تفاله نیشکر در آجر خاک رس سوخته

Abstract

Burnt clay brick is the commonly used construction material across the world. In most of countries including Pakistan, brick manufacturing is ignorant of modern day improvements and innovations. Utilization of waste materials in manufacturing of clay bricks is not only helpful in disposal of wastes safely but also imparts useful properties to the burnt clay bricks. In this study, the use of waste materials (rice husk ash and bagasse ash) for brick production has been attempted. Clay bricks were prepared incorporating 5% by clay weight of rice husk ash (RHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) to investigate the mechanical and durability properties. It was observed compressive strength and modulus of rupture decreased with incorporation of RHA and SBA in burnt clay brick. However, compressive strength and modulus of rupture satisfied the requirements of building bricks according to Pakistan building code and ASTM standard guidelines. Furthermore, clay bricks incorporating RHA and SBA can be potentially used in the production of lighter bricks. Lighter weight of bricks can result in reduction of structural loads and helpful in achieving economy. Test results confirmed the use of clay bricks incorporating RHA and SBA as moderate weather resistive bricks. Moreover, resistance against efflorescence was improved after incorporating RHA and SBA. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and found that burnt clay bricks incorporating RHA and SBA were more porous than burnt clay bricks. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the addition of RHA and SBA is not only helpful in controlling environmental pollution but also results into a more sustainable and economical construction.

4. Conclusions

In this study, the properties of clay bricks after incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) were investigated. Utilization of RHA and SBA wastes in the manufacturing of clay bricks not only helpful in disposal of these wastes safely but also imparts useful properties to the burnt clay bricks. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that: 1. Clay bricks after incorporation of RHA and SBA can be potentially used in the production of lighter bricks. Addition of these wastes result into 6% lighter bricks. This decrease in the weight of bricks can result in the reduction of structural loads and helpful in achieving economy. 2. Compressive strength and modulus of rupture decrease after addition of RHA and SBA in brick clay. However, the results still satisfy the requirements of building bricks according to Pakistan building code and ASTM standard guidelines. 3. Porosity and water absorption increases after incorporation of RHA and SBA. However, modified bricks can be used as moderate weather resistive bricks. Freeze and thaw results also confirm the suitability of bricks in moderate weather environment. Porous bricks usually have better insulation properties than control bricks. Scanning electron microscopy also con- firmed the increase in porosity after incorporating RHA and SBA. 4. The resistance against efflorescence has been improved after incorporation of RHA and SBA in clay bricks. However, the use of modified bricks under severe sulfate attack is not preferred. Based on the observations, RHA and SBA addition in burnt clay bricks is recommended. The addition of RHA and SBA is not only helpful in controlling environmental pollution but also improves durability properties of burnt clay bricks.