دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی پتانسیل تولید برق مبتنی بر زیست توده در سینفوگوس، کوبا - اشپرینگر 2017

Abstract

By 2013, the province of Cienfuegos in Cuba consumed about 5165 GWh of primary energy, of which an estimated 60 % was used to produce 767 GWh of electricity. 29 % of the primary energy was obtained from renewable fuel, and only less than 5 % of the biomass energy, was used to produce about 27 GWh of biomass based electricity. This study proposes and assesses opportunities to produce electricity from biomass in the sugar industry of the province. The scenarios considered include: upgrading the agricultural yield of sugarcane, producing energy cane and combusting it after the sugarcane milling season, combusting the filter cake, combusting marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea, a bush tree considered a plague in Cuba) after the sugarcane milling season, and updating the electricity generation technology. Results are given for the different scenarios and it is shown that a combined scenario, including upgrading agricultural yield of sugarcane, upgrading electricity generation technology, combusting filter cake, and producing energy cane to generate electricity after the sugarcane milling season, thus allowing to use the generation units in sugar factories during 8000 h per year affords a potential production of 1150 GWh of electricity, 50 % more than consumed in Cienfuegos province in 2013.

Conclusions

The sugar industry in Cienfuegos offers a realistic opportunity to increase the electricity production from biomass. To this end different options exist: to enhance the agricultural yield of sugarcane which increases the biomass production, to combust filter cake during the sugarcane milling season, to either combust marabu or produce energy cane to generate electricity after the milling season and to update the electricity generation technology in the sugar factories. Each scenario shows economic benefits. Moreover, an assessment of the combination of some of selected scenarios to produce electricity for 8000 h per year, is economically attractive. This combination of scenarios can potentially produce 1150 GWh of electricity, over 33 % more electricity than the 767 GWh consumed by the province of Cienfuegos in 2013. Therefore, there is a potential to export electricity to other provinces using the national grid, and to consider the province CO2—neutral. The implementation of the different scenarios strongly depends on the availability of financial resources. If the most indicated combined scenario cannot be implemented at once, selected individual scenarios including upgrading the agricultural yield of sugarcane, combusting the filter cake and the marabu could be implemented improving both the electricity production from biomass and the economic performance of the sugar industry.