دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اصلاح تحلیل توسط شاخص کیفیت آب با استفاده از روش تصمیم گیری چند معیاره - الزویر 2018

abstract

Groundwater should be considered as the most important drinking water resource in arid/semi-arid regions such as Karaj, Iran. Provision of drinking water with a preeminent quality is, accordingly, a real matter of concern in these regions. Despite being an essential factor for rating of under exploitation water wells, Water Quality Index (WQI) entails conflicting issues. As a result, Multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) models, such as Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), Compromise Programing (CP) and Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operators were adopted to alleviate contradictions involving WQI index. In the current paper, compromise programming was utilized assuming p ¼ 1&2 and the average value of ranks attained from all the above MCDMs (Averaged value rating) was correspondingly cited as a rating reference. Putting the above MCDM models into practice, ultimately, led to striking variations not only in the rankings but in category of water wells. It was clarified that compromise programming when p values are assumed to be 1 and 2 (CP (p ¼ 1) & CP (p ¼ 2)), TOPSIS and OWA could be recognized as proper techniques to eliminate contradictions involving ranking by WQI index.

4. Conclusion

Water Quality Index (WQI) is considered as one of the major factors for evaluating drinking water quality. In the Karaj study area, 29 monitoring wells were adopted as the reference samples and the assessment was performed using Kriging interpolation. Results of the studies revealed that among 190 drinking water wells, 5 of them were placed in the category of excellent considering WQI analysis. Following the exploration, 78 wells were placed in the category good, 105 in the category poor and 2 wells were found to be in the category very poor. However, due to the conflicts involving the results realized by the general WQI index, MultiCriteria Decision Making Models (MCDM) were adopted as novel methods of rating wells. In particular, the main objective of the current study was to explore a solution to mitigate probable errors aroused by use of WQI method in classification of water quality classes. As a result Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operators and Compromise Programing (CP) were the basic MCDM methods used for evaluation.