دانلود رایگان مقاله چالش ها و نیازهای تحقیقاتی آینده به سمت مدل سازی حمل و نقل باری بین المللی

Abstract

The advanced internationalisation of markets and production processes continuously adds to the complexity of supply chains. At the same time improving the sustainability of the related international freight transport processes and optimising their efficiency is becoming a topic of central relevance. International freight transport models are an important tool to simulate impacts of measures taken to achieve such improvements of transport processes. Yet, the requirements towards international freight transport models are complex: they need to include various modes of transport, they need to cover different industries and their dynamics, they need to consider seasonality of supply and demand of goods, demographic parameters, economic developments, technological developments including their impact on production processes and structures, and many other aspects. Furthermore, international freight transport models need to include freight flows within countries as well as freight flows between the considered countries. This paper discusses the challenges which need to be confronted when developing international freight transport models which are able to correspond to the described complexity of international freight transport. Furthermore, it maps out the most important research gaps which need to be addressed by international freight transport modelling research in order to ensure that the challenges identified are captured within the models developed to improve international freight transport.

6. Summary and outlook

Based on the above described challenges and perspectives, four major fields of research for international freight modelling can be identified:
Improvement of the link between national and international freight modelling and the related data bases;
New requirements towards international freight transport models, in particular the impact of new technologies, societal and social changes,the impact of transport costs on international trade and transport structures, the impact of international environmental policies as well as the impact of structural changes of transport routings;
A better understanding of organizational structures and their impact on dynamics and interrelations of freight transport systems, in particular the interrelation of trade structures and transport structures of international logistics chains, the role of transit and transhipment processes, the impact of the internationalization of transport services and the impact of pressure towards a raised efficiency of transport and logistics chains;
Improved data bases for international freight modelling, in particular better overview and accessibility of existing data, development of an internationally applicable approach for translating transport values into transport volume, standardized commodity classifications, research into the challenges related to big data, standardization of data quality and improved data consistency.