دانلود رایگان مقاله اوایل فرسودگی شغلی در پرستاران هلندی در مدل راش

Abstract

This study investigates burnout among Dutch nursing graduates as a process by testing a sequentialdevelopmental model.A sample of 237 respondents was recruited from a population of Dutch early career nurses. Burnout was measured with the Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS, Maslach & Jackson, 1981; Schaufeli & van Dierendonck, 2000). First, the dimensionality was tested with confirmatory factor analysis. A resulting one-dimensional model with exhaustion and depersonalisation was then analysed using a Rasch rating scale measurement model. Rasch analysis showed that these data adhered well to a sequential-developmental model. Burnout among early career nurses may be operationalized as a process that starts with fatigue as a result of strain and ends with severe exhaustion and depersonalisation towards patients. Personal accomplishment develops relatively independently. A separate Rasch analysis on the personal accomplishment items revealed a scale with almost similar item locations, resulting in redundant information.

4. Discussion

This study shows a hypothesized model of early career burnout among nurses as a sequential-developmental process consisting of several phases, where personal accomplishment seems to develop independently. The hypothesis about the unidimensionality of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation could be accepted, but only after personal accomplishment was identified as a separate dimension and analysed separately in a second Rasch model. Early career burnout starts with fatigue and ends with severe exhaustion and depersonalisation towards patients. The items measuring personal accomplishment all have an almost similar difficulty level and similar thresholds. Seenfromameasurementperspective,they give the same information, which makes them not very suitable to measure changes in personal accomplishment that might be associated with changes in levels of burnout. For this purpose, new items for measuring personal accomplishment would have to be developed. Our study is a conceptual replication of the findings that Gustavsson et al. (2010) reported in their work on early career burnout among Swedish nurses. Burnout clearly develops along the lines of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation as outlined by Cherniss (1980) and by Leiter and Maslach (1988). But partially in line with the Taris et al. (2005) model, personal accomplishment seems to develop on an independenttrack.Acomparison of the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation findings of our study with the Gustavsson et al. (2010) study results in striking similarities.