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1. Introduction

In this Opening Session of the 2nd Global Grand Challenges Summit, the distinguished speakers before me have already done a great deal to set the scene and lay out some of the big issues and possible ways forward. No doubt we will hear more about the astounding developments we are seeing in information communications technology (ICT) and other technologies in many sectors and of the opportunities they bring to help tackle our grand challenges. And if I look through the prism of my own sector−design engineering in the built environment−I see exactly the same thing: Rapid advances in our thinking are taking place at dizzying speeds. Much of that is being driven by interdisciplinary collaborations ranging well beyond the orbit of traditional engineering and construction.

7. Broader knowledge

base Clearly, there are multiple ways in which we can create better, safer, more resilient, more efficient, and, crucially, more liveable cities. We will need to keep up the rate of innovation and development—and we will need to embed excellence in design across the globe—not just on a few specific cases. That is the only way to make sure that when we, in effect, build the world’s existing infrastructure all over again, we do it in the right way. By smart I mean that the new approach must use a contemporary method that allies cutting-edge innovation cultures and new technologies with an understanding of the social and human elements that make a city productive, efficient, and human. And that takes me back to the main point of this article: • We will win or lose many of our global challenges in our cities, so we need interdisciplinary collaboration in global design. • We will need new ways for our engineers and scientists to work together with social scientists, artists, and the local communities.