دانلود رایگان مقاله جداسازی انتخابی آب و روغن با غشای مش توسط مویینگی

Abstract

The separation of oil and water from wastewater generated in the oil-production industries, as well as in frequent oil spillage events, is important in mitigating severe environmental and ecological damage. Additionally, a wide arrange of industrial processes require oils or fats to be removed from aqueous systems. The immiscibility of oil and water allows for the wettability of solid surfaces to be engineered to achieve the separation of oil and water through capillarity. Mesh membranes with extreme, selective wettability can efficiently remove oil or water from oil/water mixtures through a simple filtration process using gravity. A wide range of different types of mesh membranes have been successfully rendered with extreme wettability and applied to oil/water separation in the laboratory. These mesh materials have typically shown good durability, stability as well as reusability, which makes them promising candidates for an ever widening range of practical applications.

4. Conclusions

A wide-range of materials have been employed for the production of mesh membranes for the separation of oil and water. The basic requirement is that the system must exhibit extreme wettability, whereby a membrane with superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity or underwater superhydrophilicity and superoleophobicity is fabricated by creating a layer of hierarchical structures on the nano- and microscale, on mesh materials. This is followed by modification with low surface-energy chemicals to produce a membrane with superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity or the introduction of water into the hydrophilic hierarchical structure to produce a membrane that exhibits underwater superhydrophilicity and superoleophobicity. These membranes can effectively separate immiscible oil/water mixtures solely driven by gravity, with high separation speed and efficiency. More importantly, such mesh membranes exhibit good durability, stability and reusability. Different membrane materials offer a choice of secondary properties such as mechanical strength, heat resistance, chemical stability and electrical resistance. The choice of membrane material will ultimately be determined by considerations of the chemical environment in which the membrane will operate, the cost of production, the scalability of the preparation process and particular specialized requirements.