دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی عوامل توسعه فرسایش آبی در مناطق تفریحی در منطقه اولخان - اشپرینگر 2018

Abstract

Specific features of water erosion of thin soils under conditions of nonpercolative water regime and intense recreational loads were studied in the Ol’khon region (Irkutsk oblast). An experiment on the transfer of terrigenous particles under the impact of rainfall simulation was performed. A thorough description of landscape characteristics affecting water erosion development was made. As a result, a multiple regression equation linking the transported matter with the slope steepness, projective cover of vegetation, the degree of vegetation degradation, and the fine sand content in the upper soil horizon was developed; the multiple correlation coefficient R reached 0.86. On this basis, the map of water erosion assessment for the study area was compiled with the use of landscape and topographic maps. The maximum intensity of water erosion is typical of the anthropogenically transformed landscapes on steep slopes with the low vegetative cover on the mountainous noncalcareous steppe soils and on thin loamy sandy surface-gravelly chestnut-like soils.

CONCLUSIONS

Landscapes differ in their tolerance toward water erosion processes and anthropogenic impacts. The following natural complexes are characterized by the high soil loss: light-humus lithozems (Lithic Leptosols) with bedrock outcrops under steppe communities with caragana and wormwood (in some cases, with the presence of sparse larch trees), light-humus soils (Eutric Leptosols) under feather grass–wheatgrass–herbaceous vegetation, and light-humus lithozems (Lithic Leptosols) with outcrops of gneiss and amphibolite bedrocks under the forb–grassy steppes with caragana.

The obtained model of the dependence of soil loss on the landscape factors takes into account the natural specificity of the investigated territory and the recreational loads on it and can be applied for the calculation of soil erosion in the Ol’khon steppes in general.