Abstract
The requirements, nowadays, for more effective planning and management assistance from computer have become even more demanding. In this paper, our 4D model, 4D Site Management Model+ (4DSMM+), is described, a model developed in an attempt to address the requirement for linking scheduling data to a 3D computer graphics building model, which will allow planners to perform graphic simulations of the construction process. Compared to other 4D models and our earlier research, the current model extends 4D technology into the areas of resource management and site space utilization, in addition to the planning of building construction. A new information system platform, 4D Management for Construction Planning and Resource Utilization (4D-MCPRU), has been developed in this research, in order to implement the model 4DSMM+, which integrates dynamic resource management at the project level and decision-making support with the other features. This paper discusses features of the newly extended model and describes the underlying techniques needed for applying the model in construction management practice.
1. Introduction
Thorough construction planning and efficient site utilization are of importance in the site management of building construction. Today’s complex projects, coupled with an increasing number of project participants, require more effective planning and communication. In the last 20 years, advances in 3D-CAD technologies have provided the opportunity to use a 3D model to manage construction information. In a 3D environment, planners, designers, and engineers can view realistic images of a construction project. Nevertheless, 3D-CAD cannot provide much further help to the construction planner in the area of construction progress control. A construction schedule is difficult for planners to produce directly from 3D drawings. Instead, planners have to envision the sequence of construction in their mind, and workspace logistics, and the utilization of resources and equipment are highly dynamic in nature, related to time as well as space. However, site organization is often based on site layout and usage drawings, although most of those are rarely updated to reflect the dynamism on site.
7. Conclusions
4D-CAD technology is steadily advancing and will have a great impact on the processes of construction management as currently practiced. An enhanced 4D model, 4DSMM+, has been described, characterized by its extensions into the areas of resource management and layout assessment. Based on 4DSMM+, a powerful information platform system, 4D-MCPRU, has shown how to link 4D technology to the full spectrum of construction management work. The integration of a WBS, 3D model, resource templates, DSS and other design and developing strategies, the 4D concept has been taken well beyond its original scheduling utility.
