دانلود رایگان مقاله تاثیر استراتژی تهویه و فیلتراسیون در مصرف انرژی و نوردهی

Abstract

Different ventilation strategies can have an enormous impact on both exposures to contaminants of concern (COCs) and energy use in retail buildings. We applied a multi-contaminant model of an areanormalized retail store, and developed estimates for distributions of model inputs. We then used these distributions in a Monte Carlo simulation for six cities to compare the impacts of the ASHRAE 62.1 e2013 ventilation rate procedure (VRP), demand controlled ventilation (DCV), and indoor air quality procedure (IAQP), with or without using a high particulate efficiency filter. Results showed that for cities where outdoor PM2.5 concentration is low, adopting the IAQP with low efficiency PM2.5 filter in grocery stores and the VRP with high PM2.5 efficiency in non-grocery stores yielded the greatest exposure benefits. For cities with high outdoor PM2.5 concentration, adopting the VRP with high PM2.5 efficiency for all store types yielded the greatest exposure benefits. However, these exposure benefits also caused an increase in energy consumption, and the magnitude depends on the city's climate, outdoor PM2.5 concentration and the retail store type. We propose a new pollutant exposure control ventilation (PECV) strategy, where ventilation rates are weighed against exposure to different COCs, and the ventilation rate that is most climatically advantageous is chosen.

4. Conclusion

This study modeled the impact of: (1) adjusting ventilation only, (2) adjusting filtration of supply air only, and (3) adjusting ventilation and filtration together on exposure and energy consumption in retail buildings. All approaches were able to provide substantial reductions in the exposure risks (19e26% decrease in DALYs lost); the magnitude of the reductions depended on the ventilation/ filtration scenario, the retail store type, and the city climate and outdoor pollution level. For a typical 10,000 m2 store, the magnitude of energy cost to achieve the maximum exposure benefits depended on the city and the retail type, ranging from $1000 in annual cost for filtration energy in a grocery store in Los Angeles to $24,000 as the annual cost of ventilation in a grocery store in Austin. A proposed strategy as alternative to the ventilation strategies recommended by the standards is the pollutant exposure control ventilation (PECV) strategy. This strategy is based on: (1) weighing the exposures of different contaminants of concern found in retail buildings, (2) identifying the range of ventilation rates that lead to low DALYs lost, and (3) choosing the optimal ventilation rate that leads to energy usage savings in the climate considered.