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4. Areas for future research

Now that our collective understating of EMNCs’ LKM has significantly increased, what do we do next? Probably the best way P.S. Aulakh et al. / Journal of World Business 51 (2016) 655–661 659 to progress is to build on the current research and continue to engage in meaningful and relevant scholarship. The six articles suggest several fruitful avenues for future research. These include increasing study sample size, replicating study using different geographical contexts, industry settings and ownership type (state versus private) for the purpose of comparison/generalization of findings, and including additional factors/relevant constructs to conceptualize/examine firm strategy and behavior and outcomes. Other future research directions proposed by the authors include analyzing newer and different types of knowledge, innovation processes, and learning approaches to compare the current findings, and undertaking the comparison of business-group affiliated firms with stand-alone firms in their capabilities for combining knowledge and resources required in the internationalization process. The papers further suggest that future research may investigate entry of EMNCs into other emerging markets and examine if such entries have any impact on the firms’ strategies in developed markets.In terms of research methodology,the authors suggest engaging in more in-depth case studies, obtaining micro-level information using field studies, participant observations etc., and adopting multilevel approaches. These are worthwhile research directions for the future. The call for papers for this special issue included an illustrative list of questions for the contributing authors to consider. Indeed the six papers selected for the special issue have addressed several of those suggested questions. We are hopeful that scholars in the future will continue to extend our understanding of LKM in the context of emerging markets. While we do not want to restate the importance of what the contributing authors have already suggested, we can certainly outline a few important directions of research to pursue in the future.