ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
Wireless Networks are becoming popular due to the concept of “3 any”-any person, anywhere and anytime. Technological advancements in wireless communication paved way to the development of tiny low-cost, low-power and multifunctional sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks. The network layer deals with routing issues in sensor networks. Since radio transmission and reception consumes large amount of energy, power is an important factor to be investigated on. Energy conservation is thus a key issue in wireless sensor networks. Ongoing research involves designing routing protocols that requires less energy during communication thereby extending the networks lifetime. For most of the applications, a replacement of energy is too expensive. An energy harvesting wireless sensor networks make use of nodes that are able to harvest energy from environment. This paper provides a survey on energy efficient routing. A comparison between Modified LEACH and Mobile Sink improved energy-efficient PEGASIS-based routing protocol is done using MATLAB. Paper also introduces the energy harvesting concept.
1. Introduction
The advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology lead to the tremendous increase in the popularity of Wireless Sensor Networks. We require immediate information in every aspect of our lives and wireless sensor networks are becoming a need for mankind. A processing device can gather information, process it and send it to another processing device which is further aggregated intelligently in such a way that it is comprehendible to the humans. In Wireless Sensor Networks, these devices are called sensors or motes. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes which are densely deployed either inside a physical phenomenon or very close to it [1]. Sensors are tiny devices which monitor various conditions like temperature, humidity, pressure etc. and later convert it into electrical signal. These sensor devices have the ability to communicate either directly to the Base Station (BS) or among each other. Each node hence requires a power source that is smart enough to give a node maximum life in spite of its tiny size. The self-organizing capability of sensor nodes provides several challenges for the researchers in designing the network protocols.
7. Conclusion
This paper surveyed about wireless sensor networks, routing techniques, the hierarchical architecture and provides a brief description about energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Protocols designed should aim in keeping sensors alive for long period to fulfill the application requirements and should meet the scalability issues. Hierarchical architecture approach is considered to be the best to provide scalability along with extended network lifetime. Simulated two protocols MODLEACH and MIEEPB using MATLAB and on comparison showed that MIEEPB performs better than MODLEACH. Energy is the greatest problem faced by WSNs. Sensors depleted of energy can no longer fulfill its role unless source of energy is replenished. Wireless sensors that are powered by ambient energy are a promising technology for many wireless sensor applications.
7. نتیجهگیری
این مقاله شبکههای حسگر بیسیم، تکنیکهای مسیریابی، معماری سلسله مراتبی را موردبررسی قرار داد و توضیحی مختصری در مورد شبکههای حسگر بیسیم برداشت کنندهی انرژی ارائه داد. پروتکلهای طراحیشده، باید فعال نگهداشتن حسگرها به مدت طولانی را برای برآورده کردن کاربردهایی که نیازمند ابن مدت طولانی هستند و باید با مسائل مقیاسپذیری روبهرو شوند، هدف قرار دهند. رویکرد معماری سلسله مراتبی، بهترین روش برای تأمین مقیاسپذیری به همراه شبکه گسترشیافته، بهحساب میآید. پروتکلهای MODLEACH و MIEEPB با MALAB شبیهسازی شده و با مقایسه، نشان داده شد که MEEPB بهتر از MODLEACH عمل میکند. انرژی، بزرگترین مشکی است که شبکههای حسگر بیسیم با آن مواجه میشوند. حسگرهای خای خالیشده از انرژی، دیگر نمیتوانند نقششان را انجام دهند مگر اینکه منبع انرژیشان دوباره مهیا شود. حسگرهای بیسیم ای که برقشان توسط انرژی محیط تأمین میشود، تکنولوژی نویدبخش برای اکثر کاربردهای حسگر هستند.