دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی انتقال انرژی های تجدید پذیر: یک راه حل مبتنی بر بازار برای نگرانی انرژی و محیط زیست در شیلی - اشپرینگر 2018

Abstract

Chile is undergoing a remarkable energy matrix transition to renewable energy. Renewable energies are expanding extraordinarily fast, exceeding earlier predictions. As a result, the country is expected to meet its 2025 goal of generating 20% of its electricity from renewable energy sources quite before. Chile has become one of the frst countries in the world with subsidy-free markets, where renewable projects compete directly with other conventional sources. Favorable market conditions and successful policy reforms were keys to fostering this renewable energy development. Although the country has achieved a substantial growth in renewable energy investment in a relatively short period of time, this optimism should be treated with caution. A successful transition requires a combination of a clear decision making, persistent and consistent government policies, and a clear commitment to tackling challenges to accommodate renewable energy in the power system. In this context, this paper analyses the Chilean renewable industry and the required government policies to succeed in this transition. For this purpose, we identify several critical factors that have attracted and that could attract investment to the renewable energy sector and propose key recommendations to efectively address the major challenges faced for the future development of the industry.

Conclusions

The increasing risk of stable hydropower generation due to droughts caused by climate change, the heavy dependence on fossil energy imports with volatile prices, and the increasing environmental and social opposition to mega-energy projects have put signifcant pressure on the Chilean government to start considering alternative sources of energy.

As a result, the introduction of incentives to foster renewable energy supplies (e.g., approval of RPS law, the redesign of power auctions, and the approval of a new transmission law) has transformed the country into a hotbed of renewable energy investment in the region. Although Chile currently leads the market-driven transition to renewables, it still needs to appropriately address a multitude of cross-cutting barriers to complete its shift to a completely sustainable energy matrix. An efective transition requires a good combination of clear decision making, consistency in government policies, greater emphasis on solving the implementation challenges of energy auctions, long-term planning, and a commitment to tackling transmission challenges to accommodate large amounts of renewable energies in the power system.