ABSTRACT
The parabens, which are harmful to our bodies, are primarily utilized as preservatives in medicine, personal care products and cosmetics. A novel, more efficient, fast and cheap vortex-assisted liquid phase microextraction method based on deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was developed for the determination of parabens. The microextraction conditions were optimized using these solvents and the analytical parameters of the method were determined under optimal microex traction conditions. After extraction, the chromatographic separation of parabens was undertaken using high-performance liquid chroma tography-UV detection. Experimental parameters, such as DES type, DES volume, dilution solvent volume and vortex extraction time were optimized DES6 [Cha-Ethylene glycol (112)] was the most suitable DES to work In this study. Detection limits for this method of 0.053 µg ml_, for methylparaben, 0.061 µg ml_, for ethylparaben, 0.049 µg ml-1 for propylparaben and 0.052 µ9 ml-1 for butylpar aben were obtained. Correlation coefficients (R") for a concentration ranged 0.1-100 µg ml_, were higher than 0.9992 and relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 2.91% at parabens concentra tion of 2.5 µg ml-1 were obtained. The results of spike/recovery values of real samples were greater than 84%. When compared with other methods, the main advantages include lower LOO, short extraction time, rapidity, repeatability and simplicity.
1. Introduction
In order to prevent aging and deterioration, many preservatives and additives are widely utilized in food, medicine and cosmetic products and thus extend shelf life [1,2]. Consumers are exposed to many chemicals through the ingestion of processed food and pharmaceu tical products, or the application of personal care products and cosmetics. However, the tendency to allergic stimulation of these protectors may be harmful to consumers [3-5].
4. Conclusion
Six DESs were prepared with choline chloride and HBDs for the extraction of parabens from different cosmetic oils. It was determined that DES6, formed from choline chloride and ethylene glycol was the most effective for the extraction of parabens from cosmetic oils. The DES6 was synthesized and characterized, and then applied during the vortex assisted liquid-phase microextraction of parabens from different cosmetic oil samples. The extraction of parabens with DES has never been studied before. The developed method for the extraction and detection of parabens in cosmetic oils is simple and environmentally friendly. The other advantages of this method are that it is very rapid, with an extraction time of as little as 3 minutes being required, it uses no organic solvents (hexane) and the LOD is very low compared with other methods. The results show that DES6 can quantitatively extract parabens from cosmetic oils when combined with vortex-assisted liquid phase microextraction (V-LPME). The methodology was vali dated using spike/recovery experiments with values greater than 84% for methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl parabens being achieved.
