دانلود رایگان مقاله خصوصیات مولکولی و بیوشیمیایی ورود الیت منتخب از زنجبیل

Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizomes have been widely used as a spice and flavoring agent in foods and beverages. Twenty ginger varieties which were selected for disease reaction, were also analyzed their biochemical properties such as protein, phenol polyphenol oxidase and fiber content to assess any relationship with disease incidence/disease reaction. The protein content ranged between 5.5 and 21.4 mg/g and fiber content between 4.5 and 9.9%. The total phenol content was also varied among the varieties ranging from 0.63 mg/g to 1.5 mg/g. The polyphenol oxidase range varied from 2.6 to 98.0 U/mg. These findings indicate that these 20 varieties of ginger contains phenolics in an appreciable amount so these plants can be commercially exploited. Molecular analyses of these varieties were also performed. ISSR markers were used to characterize these elite cultivars of ginger. Based on similarity coefficient analysis the dendogram showed two distinct clusters with 19 varieties in cluster I and only 1 in cluster 2. No correlation between the disease incidence with the biochemical and molecular analysis was seen.

4. Discussion

Biochemical qualities of 10 elite accessions of ginger were studied by Eleazu et al. (2012). Results showed that these accessions of ginger could possess considerable economic, nutritive and medicinal potentials. In our research protein content raised between 5.50–21.35 mg/g, the fiber content varied between the varieties were4.45–9.85%, the range of total phenol varied from 0.632 mg/g to 1.522 mg/g and polyphenol oxidase varied from 2.6 to 98.0 unit/mg. Results attained from Odebunmi et al. (2009) showed that on dry basis ginger have moisture content, crude protein, crude fiber, fat and ash as 76.8671.43, 76.8671.43, 2.9370.05, 5.6270.75 and 2.5470.20% respectively. EL-Ghorab et al. (2010) investigate the chemical composition of ginger and observed that ginger contain 88.570.39%, moisture tracked by 0.270.01% crude fat, 1.170.16% crude fiber, 1.570.07% ash, 1.270.17% protein. Similarly, Nwinuka et al. (2010) determined that on dry basis ginger contain moisture (76.6770.01), crude protein (8.2570.01), fat (5.3570.15) and ash (6.4070.15). For protein content this results were in accordance with our research work. According to Latona et al. (2012) ginger contains moisture content 76.53%, crude protein 9.13%, crude fiber 3.07%, fat content 5.09% and ash 2.64%. Results relating to protein are in agreement to our findings while fiber contents are highly inconsistent. Additionally, Okolo et al. (2012) concluded that the moisture, protein fiber, fat and ash contents of ginger are 74.7271.32, 7.5770.59, 6.0770.64, 4.9270.61 and 2.9270.14% respectively on dry basis. Results relating to protein and fiber contents are close agreement with our result. Phenolics are important plant secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity owing to their redox potential, which play an important role in absorbing and neutralizing free radicals, quenching singlet and triplet oxygen, or decomposing peroxides (Mishra et al., 2011).