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Abstract

A miniaturized wireless power transfer (WPT) system using indefinite-permeability metamaterial (IPMM) lens with finite size is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical simulations show that the IPMM lens outperforms isotropic negative metamaterial (NMM) lens in terms of coupling efficiency and lens size. A highly sub-wavelength IPMM operation at high frequency was designed, fabricated, and measured. The WPT experiments show that the efficiency can be enhanced significantly from 0.7% to 22.0% when the system is loaded with IPMM lens around 4 MHz. The further study shows that the IPMM lens can extend the operating distance of WPT by using an optimization approach.

4. Conclusion

In summary, we present the numerical and experimental study of a miniaturized WPT system based on IPMM lens with finite size. We analyzed the enhancement mechanism of IPMM lens compared with the NMM lens in numerical simulation by evaluating of the enhancement factor q of mutual coupling. The results show that the IPMM lens can outperform NMM lens if we make use of Fabry–Perot resonances resulted from finite size of IPMM lens and techniques from transformation optics. Then, an IPMM lens with finite size working at 4 MHz was designed, fabricated, and measured to verify the previous prediction. With the proposed IPMM lens, the WPT efficiency can be effectively enhanced from 0.7% to 22% when d = 10 cm. With the increasing the distance of coils, the decline rate of the efficiency is also reduced compared to that without indefinite MM lens. The experimental result agrees well with the simulation. This miniaturization WPT system with IPMM lens should have potential applications in the consumer electronics and wireless charging of implantable medical device.