Abstract
The inevitable rise and development of artificial intelligence (AI) was not a sudden occurrence. The greater the effect that AI has on humans, the more pressing the need is for us to understand it. This paper addresses research on the use of AI to evaluate new design methods and tools that can be leveraged to advance AI research, education, policy, and practice to improve the human condition. AI has the potential to educate, train, and improve the performance of humans, making them better at their tasks and activities. The use of AI can enhance human welfare in numerous respects, such as through improving the productivity of food, health, water, education, and energy services. However, the misuse of AI due to algorithm bias and a lack of governance could inhibit human rights and result in employment, gender, and racial inequality. We envision that AI can evolve into human-centered AI (HAI), which refers to approaching AI from a human perspective by considering human conditions and contexts. Most current discussions on AI technology focus on how AI can enable human performance. However, we explore AI can also inhibit the human condition and advocate for an in-depth dialog between technology- and humanity-based researchers to improve understanding of HAI from various perspectives.
1. Introduction
The research trend on artificial intelligence (AI) is shifting from technology-oriented applications, which focus on increasing production and performance, to humanity-oriented applications, which focus on augmenting human intelligence with machine intelligence (Yang, 2021). The shifting of AI research trend has brought about new challenges, including shifts from general-purpose to transfer intelligence, computation to cognition, customization to adaptation, known to unknown, one-size-fits-all to precision, and technology to humanity (Yang, 2019).
