دانلود رایگان مقاله رابطه غیر خطی بین سن و قصد ورود کارآفرینی تمام وقت

abstract

Entrepreneurs who run venture startups parallel to wage employment engage in so-called hybrid entrepreneurship. Not all hybrid entrepreneurs, however, eventually leave the wage employment to become a full-time entrepreneur (second-step entrepreneurship). Significant research has focused on first-step entrepreneurial choice (to engage in a business start-up), but much less has focused on a second-step entrepreneurial choice, which captures the transition to full-time entrepreneurship. The present study, which examines the second-step entrepreneurial choice, reveals a U-shaped relationship between age and the intention to enter full-time entrepreneurship. Interestingly, this contrasts with prior studies on the effects from age in the first-step entrepreneurship choice, demonstrating an inverted U-relationship between age and venture startup.

4. Discussion

The results demonstrate that younger and older hybrid entrepreneurs tend to be the individuals who find it most attractive to leave wage employment for full-time entrepreneurship. These results are particularly interesting, because they contrast with prior results on the first-step entrepreneurial choice, where entrepreneurial activity has been found to increase almost linearly with age for individuals who prefer to employ only themselves (self-employers), whereas for those who aspire to hire workers (owner-managers) the relationship is an inverted U-shaped, in which younger and older people are individuals who are least likely to engage in entrepreneurial activities (Kautonen et al., 2014). In other words, the effect of the individual's age may be opposite from one another in the first-step and second-step entrepreneurial choices.