ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
The low capacity utilisation of Nigeria’s state-owned refineries and petrochemicals plants in Kaduna, Port Harcourt, and Warri, the sorry state of disrepair, neglect, and repeated vandalisation of the state-ran petroleum product pipelines and oil movement infrastructure nationwide, the collateral damage of institutionalised corruption, with the frightening emergence of a local nouveau riche oil mafia that controls, and coordinates crude oil, and refined petroleum products pipeline sabotage, and theft ("illegal bunkering") nationwide, the insatiably corrupt military Task Force operatives that assist diversions of both crude oil and petroleum products, and large-scale crossborder smuggling of petroleum products, all of which are the root causes of the protracted, and seemingly intractable severe fuel crises that have bedevilled the country relentlessly, for close to a decade now, are all predictable outcomes of government involvement in the downstream sector of the Nigerian petroleum industry, over the past quarter of a century.