ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
The centuries-long history of accounting development offers a great amount of different balance models [1- 4,6,7,15-17,19]. The traditional balance sheet model can be introduced in a formula (1) where A stands for assets and P for liabilities side of the balance-sheet. This model makes a distinction of transactions from the perspective of their impact on the currency of balance. The accounting equation can be introduced in a different way: (2) where C stands for equity and O for liabilities. This kind of accounting equation shows that assets are formed by means of an organization’s equity and liabilities planned for payment. If we divide equity into owners’ contributed capital and accumulated capital, the accounting equation becomes: െ ൌ , (3) where CC is contributed capital and AC is accumulated capital. This equation claims that assets value addition or liabilities decrease within a period lead to net profit increase within this period as contributed capital and retained earnings remain constant. On this basis it is possible to assume that one of the main determinants presented in a balance sheet and proving the efficiency of the company is the retained earnings determinant. In this regard it is interesting to define the impact of these factors on retained earnings determinant basing on balance sheet data.