دانلود رایگان مقاله بهبود درک ما از مولتی تسکینگ در مراقبتهای بهداشتی

Abstract

Multi-tasking is an important skill for clinical work which has received limited research attention. Its impacts on clinical work are poorly understood. In contrast, there is substantial multi-tasking research in cognitive psychology, driver distraction, and human-computer interaction. This review synthesises evidence of the extent and impacts of multi-tasking on efficiency and task performance from health and non-healthcare literature, to compare and contrast approaches, identify implications for clinical work, and to develop an evidence-informed framework for guiding the measurement of multi-tasking in future healthcare studies. The results showed healthcare studies using direct observation have focused on descriptive studies to quantify concurrent multi-tasking and its frequency in different contexts, with limited study of impact. In comparison, non-healthcare studies have applied predominantly experimental and simulation designs, focusing on interleaved and concurrent multi-tasking, and testing theories of the mechanisms by which multi-tasking impacts task efficiency and performance. We propose a framework to guide the measurement of multi-tasking in clinical settings that draws together lessons from these siloed research efforts.

5. ConclusionsWhile multi-tasking in clinical settings is common, studies in these settings have been primarily descriptive, with limited evidence of the impact of multi-tasking on work performance or clinical errors. Most clinical studies have used a concurrent defi- nition of multi-tasking, without considering interleaved multitasking, whether the individual engages in voluntary multitasking rather than being prompted, the modality of the task, or the patient for whom the task is being conducted. There is a pressing need for research that measures multi-tasking behaviours in clinical settings to apply more sophisticated and robust approaches. This will enable researchers to explore the reasons for, and impact of, clinicians’ use of multi-tasking in clinical settings and contribute to multi-tasking theory development. A more nuanced measurement of multi-tasking and the conditions under which it occurs will provide important insights into the risks and benefits inherent in this ubiquitous aspect of clinical work.