دانلود رایگان مقاله HTO رویکرد ارگونومی مکمل

Abstract

The field of human factors and ergonomics constitutes a strong potential in systems analysis, design and improvement. However, it is difficult to communicate its potential value. This paper addresses how the human-technology-organization (HTO) concept can be defined and supports the understanding, communication and development of the systems' character and potential of human factors and ergonomics. Empirical examples from the authors’ experiences of working with the HTO concept in R&D and teaching are illustrated, including its usefulness as: 1) a conceptual model; 2) an analysis framework; 3) a meta methodology; 4) a pedagogical tool; and 5) a design tool. The use of HTO provides guidance on how the system can be designed to better support health, individual and systems performance. It is further suggested that there is a strong potential for developing the theory, applications and methodological aspects of HTO.

6. Conclusions

This paper describes the use of the HTO concept in the human factors and ergonomics discipline. Experiences in applying the HTO concept where a work activity is analysed and developed using the interaction between the three sub-systems human, technology and organization demonstrate that it provides a number of advantages. Firstly, by including the human as a separate sub-system at the same level as technology and organization, interactions with the human will be emphasized as being at the core of the total system's performance though the human activity. Secondly, the contributions and restrictions imposed by the human, with abilities and shortcomings, become more apparent in the performance of the total system. Thirdly, when the human as such is more apparent, the human well-being and health aspects are more easily introduced into the analysis. Fourthly, the concept indicates that the total system cannot be designed, analysed and understood satisfactorily unless the interactions with the human are included in the analysis.