دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی قرار گرفتن در معرض آلودگی هوا و خطر ابتلا به سرطان در کودکی: مطالعه جمعیت تهران - الزویر 2019

abstract

The relationship between air pollution and childhood cancer is inconclusive. We investigated the associations between exposure to ambient air pollution and childhood cancers in Tehran, Iran. This project included children between 1 and 15 years-of-age with a cancer diagnosis by the Center for the Control of Non Communicable Disease (n = 161) during 2007 to 2009. Controls were selected randomly within the city using a Geographic Information System (GIS) (n = 761). The cases were geocoded based on exact home addresses. Air pollution exposure of cases and random controls were estimated by a previously developed Land Use Regression (LUR) model for the 2010 calendar year. The annual mean concentrations of Particulate Matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the locations of cancer cases were 101.97 μg/m3 , 49.42 ppb and 38.92 ppb respectively, while in the random control group, respective mean exposures were 98.63 μg/m3 , 45.98 ppb and 38.95 ppb. A logistic regression model was used to find the probability of childhood cancer per unit increase in PM10, NO2 and SO2. We observed a positive association between exposures to PM10 with childhood cancers. We did, however, observe a positive, but not statistically significant association between NO2 exposure and childhood cancer. Our study is the first to highlight an association between air pollution exposure and childhood cancer risk in Iran, however these findings require replication through future studies.

5. Conclusion

This is the first study to evaluate associations between exposure to air pollutants and the risk of childhood cancer in Iran. Our results provide evidence that the levels of air pollution and childhood cancer increase with increasing proximity to industrial areas, highways and city traffic. The exposure of 161 childhood cancer cases to criteria pollutants (PM10 and NO2) was higher than that of random controls. According to our logistic regression data there were positive associations between total childhood cancer and increasing PM10. Many childhood cancer risk factors are linked to environmental factors, but few studies have reported that higher exposure to air pollutants plays an important role in the increased incidence of childhood cancer. We suggest that these findings warrant replication in future studies.