ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
In this paper, stiffness based damage index (DIc) is introduced and expressed as a simple formula based on nonlinear response got from nonlinear static procedures. It is useful because only once the pushover has to be performed for the inertia loads obtained from equivalent static method given in BIS 1893, to show the degree of damage of structure in question. It is employed to the damage assessment of example RC frames representing different structures. To extend DIc for different performance levels defined in FEMA 356, the damage values are related to drift based damage index. Results show that DIc agrees with drift damage values and is valuable tool for practical applications.
1. Introduction
Design and construction in India is generally regulated at the state or local level using codes provided by the bureau of Indian standards. When adopted and enforced by local authorities, building codes are intended to establish minimum requirements for providing safety to life and property from fire and other hazards. These seismic design codes allow designing a reinforced concrete structure which can experience the repairable damages during minor and moderate earthquakes. During strong earthquakes, these structures have experienced irreparable damages or they were collapsing. With an aim to communicate the safety-related decisions, design practice has been moved towards the predictive method of assessing potential seismic performance, known as Performance Based Seismic Design (PBSD). PBSD refers to the methodology in which structural design criteria’s are expressed in terms of achieving a set of performance objectives. Performance objectives are statements of the acceptable risk of incurring different levels of damage and the consequential losses that occur as a result of the damage (Ghobarah, 2000; FEMA 445, 2006).
8. Conclusions
Assessment of the structural damages of RC structures by inspection will be proper for a class of building to show buildings and structural components representing life-safety hazards. Nonlinear dynamic analysis has been extensively used in seismic damage assessment, but was found to be inconsistent for determination of the behavior of existing RC structures which are dependent on inelastic displacement and deformation up to collapse. The pushover analysis is promising simple and efficient approach of evaluation of inelastic lateral loads resistance of large class of existing and new structures, provided that its limitations are fully addressed. Stiffness damage index given by Ghobarah et al., in Eq. (22), provides a simple and ease approach of damage evaluation of RC structures using nonlinear static procedure. For stiffness damage index evaluation pushover analysis has been performed twice, once before subjecting RC structure to earthquake, and once after subjecting to earthquake time history. Stiffness damage index has limitation that it does not addresses the cumulative effects, and evaluates the structures damage for first crack resulting to higher damage value.