دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی ورزش و نئولیبرالیسم: یک تفسیر ایدئولوژی موثر - وایلی 2018

Spaces of Actually Existing Sporting Neoliberalism

Many commentators (such as Jay Coakley, Hall C. M., Douglas Hartmann, Samantha King, Jay Scherer, and Kimberly Schimmel) point out that contemporary sport culture acts—through myriad institutions, intermediaries, and agents (both of the playing and nonplaying varieties)—as key sites of public pedagogy, which re-inscribe, represent, and effectively reproduce the hegemonic practices, values, and affective orientations of the neoliberal moment (Hall). Thus, the corporatization of sport is coterminous with its neoliberalization. Corporate sport is full of examples of what Niel Brenner and Nick Theodore refer to as “actually existing neoliberalism”: the ongoing process of neoliberalization manifest within specific sporting sites. Brenner and Theodore’s focus on the “role of urban spaces within the contradictory and chronically unstable geographies of actually existing neoliberalism” helps reveal how, in corporate sport, the position and role of elite/professional sport events realizes spatially bound neoliberal development initiatives (351).

Within many developed economies (and for various reasons, not least of which being the compounding factors of deindustrialization, suburbanization, decreasing tax bases, and diminishing state and federal support), entrepreneurial (neoliberal) approaches to urban economic development have largely replaced managerial (social welfare) commitments to serving a city’s population (Harvey, Spaces of Capital; Peck and Tickell). In short, within the neoliberal conjuncture, the city and its various resources (spaces, attributes, services, and populace) are engaged as potential motors of economic growth as opposed to sites requiring significant levels of public investment. Accordingly, entrepreneurial regimes of urban governance develop strategies and redirect public resources toward redeveloping the city as a space of capital accumulation by supporting the building of consumptiongenerating retail, festival, leisure, hotel, heritage, and sport spaces (Silk).