دانلود رایگان مقاله جایگزینی زیرساخت زباله و بهداشتی متمرکز با درمان محلی و بازیافت مواد مغذی

abstract

Solutions for resource scarcity should be sought from urban waste management and sanitation, which are characterised by central plants and long networks. The socio-technical transition to more sustainable infrastructure is expected to include partial decentralisation based on local conditions. This paper focuses on drivers, barriers and enablers in implementing a decentralised circular system in a new residential area (Tampere, Finland). In the alternative system, biowaste and feces are treated in a local biogas plant, and nutrient and energy output are utilised within the area. This research aims to understand what kind of urban planning enables alternative infrastructure, as well as the characteristics of an innovation capable of making a breakthrough. Seventeen infrastructure planning experts were interviewed, then assembled to re-develop ideas arising from the interviews. Based on these qualitatively analysed data, 11 factors which help the adoption of the alternative system were formulated. The results indicate that sustainability transition can be facilitated through impartial urban planning that allows the early participation of actors and improved communications. Additionally, studying the impact of alternative solutions and city guidance according to environmental policy aims may enhance transition. Innovation success factors include suitable locations, competent partners, mature technology and visible local benefits.

4. Discussion

4.1. How to get from here to there When looked at from a multi-level perspective, urban land-use planning belongs to regimes, which have to change in order to enable sociotechnical transitions (Smith et al., 2010). However, the decentralised circular system belongs to niches, which should develop so they can compete in regime selection environments or, preferably, change those environments (Smith and Raven, 2012). The authors assume that strengthening the enablers identified in this study and overcoming barriers, may facilitate a socio-technical transition towards more sustainable urban infrastructures in Tampere. In Fig. 4, improvement suggestions are arranged according to MLP.