دانلود رایگان مقاله مقیاس عملکرد شخصی و اجتماعی بیماران مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی

Abstract

The responsiveness (ability to detect change) of the Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP) is largely unknown, limiting its use as an outcome measure. The purpose of this study was to examine both internal and external responsiveness of the PSP in patients with schizophrenia in the acute phase. Eighty patients were administered the PSP and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S) at admission and at discharge. We used the standardized effect size, the standardized response mean, and paired t-test for examining internal responsiveness. We examined the correlations between the changes in scores of the PSP and those of the CGI-S using Pearson’s r for validating the external responsiveness. The results showed that the standardized effect sizes and standardized response means of the PSP were 0.74-1.74 and 0.68-1.72, respectively. The paired t-tests showed statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Moderate to good correlations (r=0.35-0.74) were found among the changes of the PSP with those of the CGI-S. The PSP showed substantial internal responsiveness and sufficient external responsiveness in patients with schizophrenia receiving treatment in the acute phase. The PSP appears useful as an outcome measure for detecting changes of social functioning over time.

1. Introduction

Social dysfunction is a core feature in patients with schizophrenia (Burns and Patrick, 2007). Patients with schizophrenia who have social dysfunction impede patients’ performance in self-care, interpersonal relationship, and work function and gradually impose great burdens on their family members and the society (Shi et al., 2013). Improving social functioning has been seen as one of the important goals in the treatment for patients with schizophrenia in clinical and research settings (Bai et al., 2014). Therefore, using an appropriate outcome measure is critical to monitor changes in social functioning in patients with schizophrenia. The Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP) is frequently used to assess social functioning in patients with schizophrenia. The PSP has clear operational instructions for rating the severity of disability. The PSP contains four domains: (1) socially useful activities; (2) personal and social relationships; (3) self-care; and (4) disturbing and aggressive behavior. It provides multidimensional concepts of social functioning. Clinicians and researchers are able to decide patients’ weaknesses and strengths in different domains of social functioning. Moreover, the PSP has a global score according to the ratings from the four domains, which represents overall social functioning (Morosini et al., 2000).