Abstract
This paper examines the dynamic tail dependence structure for the Gulf equity indices, using the Dow Jones Islamic world emerging equity index and four macroeconomics factors (the three-month U.S. Treasury bill rate, the VIX index, gold prices and oil prices) under different market conditions and scale or investment horizons. We find little or insignificant dependence at the short investment horizon but strong asymmetric dependence at the middle and long investment horizons. Gold is a strong hedge and a safe haven at the short, middle and long run horizons for all Gulf markets.
