دانلود رایگان مقاله استفاده سیگار الکترونیکی توسط افراد در درمان سو مصرف مواد

Abstract

Prevalence and reasons for using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) was examined among patients enrolled in 24 substance abuse treatment centers in the United States (N = 1113). Prevalence of e-cigarette use was assessed for the full sample. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify characteristics associated with e-cigarette use among current cigarette smokers (the majority of e-cigarette users). Overall 55.5% of the sample reported lifetime use of e-cigarettes, and 30.5% reported using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days (current users). The main reasons for using e-cigarettes were (a) at times/places when smoking was prohibited (53.5%), and (b) as a way to quit/reduce cigarette smoking (50.3%). Daily vs non-daily e-cigarette users were more likely to use e-cigarettes both as a way to reduce health risks, and as a way to quit/reduce cigarette smoking. A majority of e-cigarette users (87.1%) reported dual use of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes during the past month. Among current cigarette smokers, those that also used e-cigarettes smoked more cigarettes per day, were more likely to have made a past year cigarette quit attempt, and to have tried nicotine replacement therapy compared to cigarette only smokers. There was a high rate of dual e-cigarette and cigarette use by persons enrolled in addiction treatment. E-cigarette users may be heavier cigarette smokers trying to quit or reduce their cigarette smoking. However, e-cigarettes were also used at times when individuals could not smoke cigarettes. Substance abuse treatment centers developing tobacco policies need to consider these potentially conflicting reasons for using e-cigarettes.

4. Discussion

One of the goals of this study was to determine the prevalence of ecigarette use in a national sample of persons enrolled in substance abuse treatment. Over half (55.5%) of the participants had tried e-cigarettes, and 30.5% had used e-cigarettes within the month. In 2014, 12.6% of U.S. adults had ever tried an e-cigarette with 3.2% reporting current use; with higher rate among current cigarettes smokers (47.6% reporting ever use, 22.0% reporting current use; Schoenborn & Gindi, 2015). A high prevalence of e-cigarette use among individuals in substance abuse treatment is consistent with two studies in similar but localized populations: opiate dependent smokers in Fall River, Massachusetts (73% lifetime, 34% current use; Stein et al., 2015); and individuals in outpatient substance abuse treatment in Baltimore, Maryland (58% lifetime, 17% current; Peters et al., 2015). Together, these results indicate that individuals in treatment for substance abuse, a population with a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, may be more likely to try e-cigarettes compared to the general population. However, all studies indicate a large number of people who report lifetime use of ecigarettes are not current users, highlighting the need for longitudinal data on use of e-cigarettes.