ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
We report here a comparative analysis of the acquisition of a conditioned passive avoidance reaction in mice of the mutant strains DISC1-Q31L and DISC1-L100P and mice of the control strain C57Bl/6NCr1 and detection of the effects of gender and age on learning. DISC1-L100P mice showed impairments to associative learning to avoid the dangerous dark sector of the apparatus regardless of gender and age. In DISC1-Q31L mice, the fear memory trace formed only in young males. A defi cit of aversive learning was demonstrated in old mice of all the strains tested, with identically lower levels of learning ability in female DISC1-Q31L and C57Bl/6NCr1 mice than males. These characteristics of learning avoidance provide an additional argument for regarding DISC1-L100P mice as a genetic model of a schizophrenia-like state and DISC1-Q31L mice as a model of a depression-like state.
Discussion
Thus, the data presented here provide evidence of differences in the acquisition of a conditioned passive avoidance reaction in DISC1-Q31L and DISC1-L100P mice as compared with mice of the C57Bl/6NCr1 control group. Among the characteristics of fear memory trace formation, we draw attention to: 1) unlike control mice and DISC1-Q31L mice, DISC1-L100P mice showed genderand age-independent impairment to associative learning to avoid the dark sector of the apparatus which had become dangerous after pain punishment; 2) learning was seen only in young males among DISC1-Q31L mice, while memory traces formed in control animals in both young males and young females; 3) there were identical statistically signifi - cantly decreases in learning passive avoidance with age in male DISC1-Q31L mice and control C57Bl/6NCr1 mice, while females of these strains showed tendencies to learning defi cits. It is important to note that our results on learning defi - cit in DISC1-L100P mice are consistent with data reported from other investigations detecting learning defi cit in a contextual conditioned fear reaction in DBA/2J mice, which are regarded as a genetic model of a schizophrenia-like state [7, 38, 40, 41], and rats in a pharmacological model of this behavior [6]. Along with data on the behavioral status of DISC1-L100P mice [8, 27], this is supported by the view of DISC1-L100P mice as a genetic model of a schizophrenia-like state and widens our understanding of the role of the fear memory formation.