Reading Comprehension:
Directions: Read the following two passages and answer the questions by choosing the best choice (1), (2), (3), or (4). Then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet.
Passage 1:
The term cargo ship covers a number of different vessel types, each with its own shape, size, design and specialist features. General cargo ships are used to transport various types of cargo. [1] Also known as 'general cargo vessels', they are highly versatile and can easily adapt to changing cargo requirements. This flexibility makes them the go-to option for serving ports and routes where there is demand for smaller cargo shipments and/or where there isn't the infrastructure for larger specialized vessels.
From small coastal vessels to large ocean-going vessels, general cargo ships come in a range of sizes, depending on the intended trade routes and cargo capacity. What they all have in common is that they're specifically designed to carry mixed cargo, offering a range of stowage options and cargo holds as well as on-board cargo handling equipment. [2]
A reefer ship, or 'refrigerated cargo ship' to give it its full name, is a vessel specially designed to transport cargo requiring temperature control. Most commonly, reefer ships are used to move perishable/frozen goods and products (e.g. fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy products and pharmaceuticals) which need to be kept in a temperature-controlled environment to maintain their quality and/or freshness during transportation. [3] The technology on these ships is so advanced that the adjustable climate control enables the precise humidity to also be set, as well as monitoring systems which sound an alarm if the required conditions change. The ability of these ships to maintain a set temperature for the duration of their transit makes them a key link in the global supply chain of fresh products and medical supplies. [4]