دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی شبیه سازی توزیع شده: پیشرفته ترین و پتانسیل برای تحقیق در عملیات - الزویر 2019

abstract

In Operational Research conventional simulation practices typically focus on the conceptualization, development and use of a single model simulated on a single computer by a single analyst. Since the late 1970s the field of Distributed Simulation has led research into how to speed up simulation and how to compose large-scale simulations consisting of many reusable models running using distributed computers. There have been significant advances in the theories and technologies underpinning Distributed Simulation and there have been major successes in defence, computer systems design and smart urban environments. However, from an Operational Research perspective, Distributed Simulation has had little impact on mainstream research and practice. To argue the potential benefits of Distributed Simulation for Operational Research, this article gives an overview of Distributed Simulation approaches and technologies as well as discussing the state-of-the-art of Distributed Simulation applications. It will investigate the potential advantages of Distributed Simulation for Operational Research and present a possible sustainable future, based on experiences from e-Science, that will help Operational Research meet future challenges such as those emerging from Big Data Analytics, Cyber-physical systems, Industry 4.0, Digital Twins and Smart environments.

Conclusions

This paper has presented the state-of-the-art of DS approaches, technologies and applications from the perspective of three Modes of DS. It has discussed the significant potential of DS for OR and has suggested an approach inspired by successful experiences in e-Science. It is hoped that this article will bring the DS and OR communities closer together by presenting the opportunities and benefits of collaboration. Reflecting on observations made of DS applications, future research in this area should consider: • Interdisciplinary Research: Future research collaborations should consist of teams of OR and DS researchers to give a balance of expertise. Further, to overcome the issue of “a solution looking for a problem”, collaborations should also involve domain stakeholders (e.g. potential end users) to, at the very least, validate the overall direction of the work or science gateways developed for end users; • Integrating commercial simulation software: Many OR simulation users tend to use commercial simulation software. If this is the case then software vendors should be involved in collaboration as the effective integration of their software into any solution is vital; • Simple access for users: DS has been criticized as being hard to develop, implement and use.