دانلود رایگان مقاله ارزیابی بقایای آفت کش های آلی کلر در نمونه های خام مواد غذایی بازارهای باز در دو شهر آفریقایی

abstract

This study investigates the level of organochlorine pesticides in the raw food from open markets in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and Johannesburg, South Africa. It assesses the potential health risks associated with the organochlorine pesticide residues. The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method has been developed for sample preparation. A total of 120 food samples (beans, cabbage, beef, and fish) were obtained from the open markets. The mean concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in raw foods collected from the Johannesburg market were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those from the Kinshasa market. DDE recorded the highest mean concentration (253.58 ± 4.78 mg kg1 ) in beef from Johannesburg, and a-BHC recorded the lowest mean concentration (38.54 ± 7.46 mg kg1 ) in beans from Kinshasa. The investigation of health risk estimates revealed that the number of organochlorine pesticides exceeded the reference dose in the collected food samples.

4. Conclusions

Results of this study show that residues of organochlorine pesticides are present in the food sold in Johannesburg and Kinshasa open markets. Mean concentration of organochlorine pesticide compounds studied in various food samples followed the order; beef > fish > cabbage > beans. Most of the organochlorine pesticide compounds exceeded their prescribed limit set by different international agencies. These residues have originated from agricultural past and present activities. These residues might reach the top of the food chain by bioaccumulation. It is expected that an appreciable build-up of residues with time will occur because of the continuous presence of these pesticides in various environmental compartment. This may pose serious public health problems. To prevent a health disaster, it is essential that a system of monitoring of residues in the key component of food chain is encouraged so as to generate data for policy making on how to address the situation. Both surface and ground water bodies in designated pollution hotspots of these compounds should not be used for agricultural purposes unless evidence of the levels of these compounds is ascertained.